الملخص الإنجليزي
A Cybercrime is a kind of crime committed by using information technology.
The potential seriousness of this crime lies in its adverse effect on the economic
activities and the national economy as a whole. It takes place at the Electronic
Fund Transfer System (EFTS), bank deposits, Electronic money or e-money, due
to the magnitude and scope of financial trading through EFTS, and thereby
reducing distances to allow carrying out cross-border fraud in several countries.
Such systems are recognized as a means of saving time to finalize transactions
and remittances, as well as theft by fraudulent means in just a few seconds.
Technically and broadly speaking, automated processing system and computer
data stored therein are being tampered with .There is an array of technical
methods used in the manipulation of computer data for fraudulent purposes ,
more importantly is tampering with any data entered in the computer , software
and remote database access , and this can be done in several ways: entry of
synthetic or artificial data and damage and deletion of information already
stored in the computer.
As regards infringement of information system software, such programs or
operating systems are being modified or some programs are being manufactured
for use in the process of fraud.
The key purpose of the fraud is to seize third-party movable property with the
intention of owning the same by means of tampering with data and information
to obtain funds and assets owned by third parties .the most vulnerable data to
manipulation are related to receivables, bank deposits, credit cards, balance
sheet results and accounts.
The key feature of cybercrime is that the evidence left by the hacker is located in
an electronic environment, based on manipulation of data and programs, and
potential hacker hide their crimes and tamper with evidence, so the judicial
authorities must deal with these crimes based on the electronic or digital
evidence.
Therefore, most systems of comparative countries such as Bahraini, Emirati,
Saudi lawmakers have enacted laws to combat this crime and the perpetrators to
be punished in proportion to the nature of such crimes.
Hence, the study has recommended that some articles of the Anti-Cybercrime
Laws in Bahrain, UAE and Saudi Arabia shall be included by defining ‘’
cybercrime’’ and explicitly providing for the place and subject matter of this
crime, which leaves no room for interpretation and difference. The Anti-
Cybercrime Laws in Bahrain, UAE and Saudi Arabia shall include articles
setting out the procedures governing investigation such as inspection, search and
seizure in order to avoid any misinterpretation of procedures stated in the laws
of criminal procedure, and due to the specificity of cybercrime in general, and
the crime of cyberfraud in particular.
