English Abstract
The Thesis Summary:
The spread of rumors is a social and psychological phenomenon among the negative phenomena that appear in societies. It grows with human nods and motives, and the atmosphere of mystery and importance, and in the absence of clear standards of truth. Rumors often stat weak but quickly spaced among individuals, instilling fear and panic among them.
Rumors represent one of the most potent tools of modem psychological warfare. Their danger lies in the fact that their soldiers are not enemies but rather loyal citizens of the homeland. Rumors manipulate their minds and consciences, and they are drawn to them, becoming unwitting transmitters, often unaware of the source or accuracy of the information. They may not fully realize the extent of the harm they are causing to the nation's safety. In doing so, they become Casy prey for the most cunning warfare, achieving victories for the enemy that they could not achieve through their strength army and traditional weapons.
Therefore, the importance of investigating the phenomenon of spreading rancor becomes apparent due to its profound influence on societies. Rumors can either contribute to the fragmentation of a society or strengthen its unity. This is due to their ability to either diminish or boost the morale within a society. Through rumors, individual perspectives, relationships, and interactions can undergo change. People may refrain from buying a product or visiting a place based on rumors. It's not an exaggeration to assert that razors have the potential to construct or dismantle nations, given their significant impact on economic, social, political, psychological, and cultural dimensions of populations. Moreover, they can exert influence on international relations and the stability of nations.
Rumors represent a tool that evolves in parallel with the advancement of societies and technology. The significance of studying rumors has expanded during the Information Age, characterized by the continuous and extensive accumulation of information across various aspects of human activity. This transformation in the information landscape has affected both the informational reservoir of individuals and communities and the nature of razors, which have undergone development and transformation reflective of this era. Consequently, the importance of rumors has been heightened.
Considering that rumors constitute a negative societal phenomenon; their proliferation give rise to maniple challenges. Consequently, it was logical for the criminal legislator to intervene decisively in combatting this issue, as it
represents a phenomenon that poses a significant threat to both societal security and well-being, as well as the international interests of a state. This intervention involves confrontation and thorough examination to identify its components, along with the implementation of appropriate solutions for mitigation and prevention.
As a real, this thesis delved into the study of the phenomenon of rumor spreading, bearing the title "Criminal confrontation for spreading rumors, a study in Bahraini and comparative legislation". This study employed qualitative, descriptive, and analytical methodologies to establish, describe, and analyze the fundamental aspects of rumor spreading. It also presented contemporary and historical applications within the framework of these scientific foundations, utilizing a comparative approach to extract and emphasize key features in addressing and combating this phenomenon. The scope of comparison encompassed the legislation of the Kingdom of Bahrain, which addressed the phenomenon of rumor spreading on one hand, and the legislation of various Gulf Arab countries, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Iraq, the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, the Italian Republic, and the French Republic on the other hand, with the incorporation of other relevant legislations when neсонгу
This thesis comprised a well-organized and balanced research plan, designed to comprehensively cover all its aspects. It was divided into two main sections preceded by an introductory chapter. The introductory chapter addressed the nature of rumors. The first section of the thesis focused on the criminal confrontation of spreading rumor within the penal code. This section was further divided into two chapters: the first chapter discussed the crime of spreading rumor during wartime, while the second chapter delved into the crime of spreading Nanor during peacetime.
The second section of the thesis examined the criminal confrontation of seceding rumor within special laws. This section, too, was divided into two chapters: the Fint chapter explored the crime of spreading rumor within military judicial law, while the second chapter addressed the crime of spreading rumor within laws protecting society from terrorist activities.
Finally, a Concha ion of the thesis provided a reflective Ova vice, presenting the study's findings, highlighting the most noteworthy recommendations for achieving scientific benefit and effectively combating the spread of the armor phenomenon in a ligament with contemporary criminal policies.
