English Abstract
The Abstract of the Study :
Freedom of expression is a cornerstone of any democratic system. Moreover, publishing opinions is an important method of exercising this freedom. That being said, the press plays a big role in reporting the news and delivering information.
Spreading the ideas and opinions in free independent journalism is considered to be an application of the concept of freedom of opinions and expression which is stated by both the national and international laws. But despite the importance of the traditional and the modern journalism; and it's part in inspiring and affecting the public opinion, publishing could cause harm in either the individual or common good. Hence the criminal responsibility arises in regards to the crimes that appear in journalism which is the topic of this thesis.
The thesis covers the topic of the crimes that take place through the press in the Bahraini legislation compared to the legislations of the GCC (The Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf countries) and Egypt. For the purpose of this study and to tackle it from all of its angles I have divided this study into: an introduction, preliminary topic and Four Chapters.
The preliminary topic is dedicated to introduce the concept of freedom of the press along with press crimes. The first chapter tackles the elements of press crimes. The second chapter tackles the cases where permissibility causes, along with in which cases non-libility or penalty preventives. The third chapter tackles the regulations regarding taking part in press crimes.
The second chapter discusses the organization of the criminal responsibility in Bahrain's legislation and the compared legislation. Which is stated in three parts. The first part discusses the criminal responsibility for the natural person. The second part is about the criminal responsibility legal person. The third part is about the criminal responsibility of the internet services providers.
The Third chapter outlines the regulations for the crimes committed by the Press in three parts that tackled the following in order: The crimes detrimental to public interest, the crimes harmful to individuals, and the Bahraini press code.
The fourth chapter displays the legal impact on press crimes in two parts. The first part addresses the substantive implications of press crimes. The second part addresses the procedural implications in press crimes.
Finally, the author provides the conclusions and the recommendations of the study.
