Abstract:
Purpose–The prime purpose of this research is to provide a clear understanding of the concept of implementing CSR in a sustainable manner, as well as to provide a framework for examining the relationship between the economic, legal, ethical, philanthropic, and environmental responsibilities in relation to CSR implementation by Bahrain Mobile Operators.

Approach–The research was based on the existing literature in order to help define the variables and primary data were collected via a questionnaire, which was distributed to three leading mobile operators in the Kingdom of Bahrain. The study’s population numbered 1,689 and the sample size was 313. The percentage of respondents in the survey was 87.2% out of a total sample size which is 273 respondents. In addition, the feedback was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 24.0. The research design was quantitative, so a non-parametric procedure was applied to test the hypotheses.

Findings–Specifically, Spearman’s rank correlation was used to test the hypotheses, and this produced positive relationships between the independent variables (Economic Responsibility, Legal Responsibility, Ethical Responsibility, Philanthropic Responsibility and Environmental Responsibility) and the dependent variable: CSR Implementation by Bahrain Mobile Operators; therefore, the five proposed hypotheses were accepted.

Value–The research provides a framework by which Bahrain Mobile Operators may implement CSR in a sustainable manner. Moreover, it proposes a model that merges Carroll’s four CSR responsibilities with that of the environment so as to fill the gap in the literature concerning CSR measurement and having a clear understanding of its implementation.

5 Keywords– Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Sustainable Development SD, Economic Responsibility, Legal Responsibility, Ethical Responsibility, Philanthropic Responsibility and Environmental Responsibility.