Abstract : This study aims to examine the role of ERP systems success and managerial competencies in improving organizational performance. The data were collected from medium and large-sized private sector organizations in Bahrain that use ERP systems. This study used structural equation modelling (SEM) to examine the impact of technology factors and organizational factors on ERP systems success; the impact of ERP systems success on managerial competencies; and the impact of ERP systems success and managerial competencies on organizational performance. The findings of this study suggest, first, that technology factors have a significant impact on ERP systems success. Second, organizational factors have a significant impact on ERP systems success. Third, ERP systems success significantly impact managerial competencies, ERP systems success positively impact on organizational performance. Fourth, managerial competencies have a significant impact on organizational performance. The sample of this study only includes private sector organizations; future studies might consider other kinds of organizations, further studies might also use a wider sample that involves several countries. This study implies that to achieve better performance in organizations, managers should focus more on ERP systems success to enhance the managerial competencies, as this leads to excellent organizational performance. This study contributes to the literature on organizational performance. It examines the impact of ERP systems success, managerial competencies, and organizational performance in private sector organizations in Bahrain. The research shows empirically that ERP systems success and managerial competencies have a great impact on improving organizational performance in the sector studied.